Advantages and the disadvantages of magistrates and jurors

In this essay I intend to evaluate the effectiveness of lay personnel and the advantages and the disadvantages of magistrates and jurors. Lay members (Magistrates) have legal advisers within points of law and live locally as they have to live close so that they know the area well. Also it is cheaper to send cases to lay magistrates than using professional judges because they are cheaper and do their work voluntarily. Many magistrates are from a good gender balance; this can benefit them because they are able to understand males and females. Lay magistrates are not legally qualified which doesn’t aid them as they could give an incorrect sentence when someone is actually innocent. They are not as good as cross section, as most magistrates are often perceived as being middle-aged and middle-class. Also they prosecute biased, as they believe the police too soon; there fore they could be sentencing someone innocent. Moreover there is an inconsistency in sentencing, so offenders in different areas are sentenced for different lengths of times for the same offence. Magistrates come from a ride range of backgrounds than professional judges and are much older then district judges. Lay magistrates get paid a ‘stipe’ which is called a â€Å"stipend† thus the term stipendiary comes from. District judges sit in the county and magistrate’s court; an additional name for district judges is stipendiary judges. Lay magistrates are not legally qualified and do not get paid, where as stipendiary magistrates are legally qualified and get paid for there job. The advantages of having jury service are that the legal system becomes more open and justice is seen to be done as members of the public aim to get fair results and they are made without bias. It also helps to keep the law clearer as points have to be explained to the jury, enabling the defendant to understand the case more easily. For the jury service there is public confidence and it is an open system of justice they are also considered to be a fundamental part of a democratic society. The jury services are free from pressure during discussions and are protected from outside influences when deciding on the verdict. Although there is a lot of media influence and reporting information, which can mean that, the decision can be manipulated. Other disadvantages of having the jury service can be that they may be a case of racial bias. In conclusion there are many advantages and disadvantages of both magistrates and juries, which are that there is public confidence, fair results without being bias and juries represent the public as a whole, this means that they are a fundamental part of a democratic society. On the other hand the disadvantage of magistrates is that there is a lot of media influence and there is also racial bias.

Sports activities Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sports activities - Article Example There are several membership types for the students, staff, faculty as well as the community in general. All sports facilities are situated on campus and hence, there is standard traffic as well as parking guidelines; furthermore, groups for their sporting events, conferences, meetings, as well as for other events and occasions can assess facility space easily. There are a number of sports clubs available and the first one is badminton; moreover, its major purpose is to promote Badminton within the university. In addition, the team practices regularly at North Gym located at the  Recreation and Physical Activity Center; moreover, it participates in Midwest region’s tournaments. Volleyball is also a club within the university and it is for both women and men. The sports club’s aim is to maintain and to enhance volleyball skills of the players. Furthermore, the sports club holds several tournaments all through the season. Rugby is also one of the sporting clubs within the university and it has teams for males and females as well. Both rugby veterans and new members are eligible to join the team; furthermore, there are several teams for each individual depending on the skills of individuals. Besides, the teams have coaches who are highly dedicated to the team and every individual is eligible to join the teams given that no prior experience is needed. Soccer is among the sports club within Ohio State University and it is divided into two, women’s soccer team as well as men’s soccer team. The teams play actively in three seasons during the fall, winter as well as during the spring; furthermore, all individuals are free to join the teams. In addition, dance sport is a very interesting club in Ohio State University; it is also a social club and a highly competitive dancing club within The Ohio State University. The club teaches all dancers, even those who have no experience at all; moreover, they have

Aquatics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Aquatics - Research Paper Example The same would be done with the help of briefly highlighting the literature available on the same and shedding some light on related researches and cases. Discussion Without any doubts, aquatics is one of those profession where professionals have to deal with a lot of risk and in the absence of effective risk management plans and techniques, the liability may become unbearable for the organizations. If organizations and pool managers fail to manage and deal with the risk in an effective manner then they might not only end up with losing customers due to injuries and other incidents but also with huge liability claims. Furthermore, stakeholders are also putting a lot of pressure on the staff and professionals to engage in preventive practices and fire prevention rather than fire fighting1. Risk management is present in other professions as well but the nature of aquatic risk management is much different from the generalized form of risk management. Important here to note is that aquat ic environments have a tendency to change very quickly, within hours and at times, within a few minutes. Furthermore, at many occasions, these changes are not even predictable for the experts. Therefore, aquatic risk management is not a one-time process but an on going process, which requires extensive training, enthusiasm, and commitment from the staff and the professionals2. Another very important reason why aquatic risk management is imperative is because of the general attitude of public about the hazards and risks of aquatic environments. It appears that when people enter into an aquatic environment they lose their sense of sight as well as sense of hearing. Despite the fact that the staff puts a lot of energy and money into putting as much sign boards to increase the awareness of public regarding the risks, but people are more likely to read the micro font message on billboards rather than bothering to notice the sign boards which are around them in aquatic environments3. Sudd enly in aquatic environments, sign pollution becomes an important issue. Furthermore, if there is any staff or deployment in those facilities to guide and instruct people about the risks and hazards then not only people avoid these instructions but strongly feel it as interference during their â€Å"fun time†. In short, aquatic risk management is important because it has to deal with blind and deaf people4. Many experts and professionals related to the field of aquatic risk management believe that in order to create an effective risk management, following are the seven steps, which should be kept in mind. First, the process stars with the identification of aims and objectives of risk management problem. Without any doubts, the ultimate goal of many risk management programs is to reduce the chances to injury, incidents of employees, guests and others and reduce any other risks associated with property loss. Furthermore, most professionals are more likely to stress on eliminati on and prevention of injuries, however, in more risky environments, safety of lives and prevention of any causality may become the ultimate goal. Aims and objectives also refer to the practice of quantifying them, delegating them and establishing and identifying resources to achieve those objectives. Second, once the goals and objectives have been formulated, it is important to create an assessment team. This team will